多数情况下,其他语文的操作者使用的是小塔里克非固定或双双双电信息,如+、*、/......等。 班级可以自由回应这些似乎适合的信息,因此,你可以重新界定“+”行为,而且你还可以让一些非班级了解和回应。

例如,研究点级+的实施情况。

值得注意的是:=和 ^不是信息,因此无法以上述方式重新定义。

为学习小塔克,实例和密码的最大资源之一是小塔克形象。 因此,我建议你向小塔克开枪,并学习你通过其中的大量实例浏览。

There s no operators in smalltalk, except assignment. Everything is implemented in classes as methods. So if you want to change behaviour of = or + / - methods, just look at their implementors. Or if you want to make instances of your class to understand those messages, just implement them.

<代码>自动载荷-超载标签在Stack Overflow上下定义

一种方案拟定语言的特征是,根据所涉操作类型,允许操作者采用习惯。 某些语言允许对新的操作者进行定义,而其他语言只允许重新界定现有操作者。

In Smalltalk
All types are defined as classes of object *
All operators are methods *
All methods are executed by the receiver of the message with the method s name
All methods can be over-ridden

So any operator, operating on any operand, can be over-ridden by any developer.

Here are some examples:
Objects of Class Float, Class SmallInt, Class Fraction and Class Point can all respond to a + message. They can interroperate with one another, too.
aFloat := 3.1415 . aSmallInt := 6 . aPoint := 3@3 . aFraction := 22/7 .

"send the + aSmallInt message to aFraction"
aSum := aFraction + aSmallInt Evaluates to: 64/7

"send the + aFraction message to aSmallInt"
aSum := aSmallInt + aFraction Evaluates to: 64/7

aSum := aFloat + aFraction aSum := aFraction + aFloat These evaluate to: 6.284357142857143

aSum := aFloat + aSmallInt aSum := aSmallInt + aFloat These evaluate to: 9.1415

aSum := aPoint + aSmallInt aSum := aSmallInt + aPoint These evaluate to: 9@9

In effect, we have 8 different implementations of the + operator on display here, each customised to deal with the types of the operands involved.

The caveats: * Objects are not strongly typed. Any variable of one type can be changed to any other type, and the system will not raise an exception. An object can start as an object of Class SmallInt and then be changed to a ByteString or a Dictionary, and the system will not raise the slightest warning. Until it is sent a message that it does not understand.

There are 6 primitives that are not an object or Class of object: true, false, nil, etc.

目前有两家经营人,实际上都是用有名的方法种植合成糖。

Smalltalk doesn t have operators but you can achieve a similar thing via method definition/overriding:

Object subclass: Foo [ 
  + anObject [
    "define new behavior for + here"

  ]
]