希望下面的代码能为您提供足够的解决方案——在初始化它之后，您只需要遍历集合即可找到匹配项。在插入集合之前，您可能需要将所有内容转换为大写/小写，以帮助提高查找性能。

typedef basic_string<TCHAR> tstring;
typedef map<tstring, tstring> HardDiskCollection;

void Initialise( HardDiskCollection &_hardDiskCollection )
{
    TCHAR tszLinkName[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };
    TCHAR tszDevName[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };
    TCHAR tcDrive = 0;

    _tcscpy_s( tszLinkName, MAX_PATH, _T("a:") );
    for ( tcDrive = _T( a ); tcDrive < _T( z ); ++tcDrive )
    {
        tszLinkName[0] = tcDrive;
        if ( QueryDosDevice( tszLinkName, tszDevName, MAX_PATH ) )
        {
            _hardDiskCollection.insert( pair<tstring, tstring>( tszLinkName, tszDevName ) );
        }
    }
}

也许您可以使用GetVolumeNameForMountPoint并迭代所有装载点A:到Z:，在找到匹配项时中断？

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa364994（VS.85）.aspx

（我还没试过）

以下函数仅使用C完成工作

BOOL GetWin32FileName(const TCHAR* pszNativeFileName, TCHAR *pszWin32FileName)
{
    BOOL bFound = FALSE;

    // Translate path with device name to drive letters.
    TCHAR szTemp[MAX_PATH];
    szTemp[0] =   ;

    if (GetLogicalDriveStrings(MAX_PATH - 1, szTemp))
    {
        TCHAR szName[MAX_PATH];
        TCHAR szDrive[3] = TEXT(" :");
        TCHAR* p = szTemp;

        do
        {
            // Copy the drive letter to the template string
            *szDrive = *p;

            // Look up each device name
            if (QueryDosDevice(szDrive, szName, MAX_PATH))
            {
                size_t uNameLen = _tcslen(szName);

                if (uNameLen < MAX_PATH)
                {
                    bFound = _tcsnicmp(pszNativeFileName, szName, uNameLen) == 0
                        && *(pszNativeFileName + uNameLen) == _T( \ );

                    if (bFound)
                    {
                        // Replace device path with DOS path
                        StringCchPrintf(pszWin32FileName,
                            MAX_PATH,
                            TEXT("%s%s"),
                            szDrive,
                            pszNativeFileName + uNameLen);
                    }
                }
            }
            // Go to the next NULL character.
            while (*p++);
        } while (!bFound && *p);
    }

    return(bFound);
}

您可以查找所有卷的名称以匹配设备名称并获取驱动器号。以下是示例：

int DeviceNameToVolumePathName(WCHAR *filepath) {
    WCHAR fileDevName[MAX_PATH];
    WCHAR devName[MAX_PATH];
    WCHAR fileName[MAX_PATH];
    HANDLE FindHandle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
    WCHAR  VolumeName[MAX_PATH];
    DWORD  Error = ERROR_SUCCESS;
    size_t Index = 0;
    DWORD  CharCount = MAX_PATH + 1;

    int index = 0;
    // DeviceHarddiskVolume1windows,locate windows.
    for (int i = 0; i < lstrlenW(filepath); i++) {
        if (!memcmp(&filepath[i], L"\", 2)) {
            index++;
            if (index == 3) {
                index = i;
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    filepath[index] = L  ;

    memcpy(fileDevName, filepath, (index + 1) * sizeof(WCHAR));

    FindHandle = FindFirstVolumeW(VolumeName, ARRAYSIZE(VolumeName));

    if (FindHandle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        Error = GetLastError();
        wprintf(L"FindFirstVolumeW failed with error code %d
", Error);
        return FALSE;
    }
    for (;;)
    {
        //  Skip the \? prefix and remove the trailing backslash.
        Index = wcslen(VolumeName) - 1;

        if (VolumeName[0] != L \  ||
            VolumeName[1] != L \  ||
            VolumeName[2] != L ?  ||
            VolumeName[3] != L \  ||
            VolumeName[Index] != L \ )
        {
            Error = ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME;
            wprintf(L"FindFirstVolumeW/FindNextVolumeW returned a bad path: %s
", VolumeName);
            break;
        }
        VolumeName[Index] = L  ;
        CharCount = QueryDosDeviceW(&VolumeName[4], devName, 100);
        if (CharCount == 0)
        {
            Error = GetLastError();
            wprintf(L"QueryDosDeviceW failed with error code %d
", Error);
            break;
        }
        if (!lstrcmpW(devName, filepath)) {
            VolumeName[Index] = L \ ;
            Error = GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeNameW(VolumeName, fileName, CharCount, &CharCount);
            if (!Error) {
                Error = GetLastError();
                wprintf(L"GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeNameW failed with error code %d
", Error);
                break;
            }

            // concat drive letter to path
            lstrcatW(fileName, &filepath[index + 1]);
            lstrcpyW(filepath, fileName);

            Error = ERROR_SUCCESS;
            break;
        }

        Error = FindNextVolumeW(FindHandle, VolumeName, ARRAYSIZE(VolumeName));

        if (!Error)
        {
            Error = GetLastError();

            if (Error != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES)
            {
                wprintf(L"FindNextVolumeW failed with error code %d
", Error);
                break;
            }

            //
            //  Finished iterating
            //  through all the volumes.
            Error = ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME;
            break;
        }
    }

    FindVolumeClose(FindHandle);
    if (Error != ERROR_SUCCESS)
        return FALSE;
    return TRUE;

}

如果你想在驱动程序中解决它，你可以检查这个链接以供参考。

这是解决方案的重构版本。

我用wchar_t取代了TChAR，因为在大多数项目中使用它不是一个好主意。

std::map<std::wstring, std::wstring> GetDosPathDevicePathMap()
{
    // It s not really related to MAX_PATH, but I guess it should be enough.
    // Though the docs say "The first null-terminated string stored into the buffer is the current mapping for the device.
    //                      The other null-terminated strings represent undeleted prior mappings for the device."
    wchar_t devicePath[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };
    std::map<std::wstring, std::wstring> result;
    std::wstring dosPath = L"A:";

    for (wchar_t letter = L A ; letter <= L Z ; ++letter)
    {
        dosPath[0] = letter;
        if (QueryDosDeviceW(dosPath.c_str(), devicePath, MAX_PATH)) // may want to properly handle errors instead ... e.g. check ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER
        {
            result[dosPath] = devicePath;
        }
    }
    return result;
}