如果您想要替换文件名称中与给定模式和另一个模式匹配的某个部分。 这对同时重命名多个文件有用。 例如, 此代码将包含 Foo 的文件全部取用, 并在文件名称中以 bob 替换 foo 。

file.rename(list.files(pattern = "foo"), str_replace(list.files(pattern = "foo"),pattern = "foo", "bob"))

我为我自己写了这个。 它很快, 允许 Regex 查找和替换, 能够忽略文件的后缀, 并且可以显示在“ 审判运行” 中会发生什么, 并且可以保护现有文件不被覆盖 。

如果您在 Mac 上, 它可以使用苹果脚本来选择在“ 查找者” 中当前文件夹作为目标文件夹 。

umx_rename_file <- function(findStr = "Finder", replaceStr = NA, baseFolder = "Finder", test = TRUE, ignoreSuffix = TRUE, listPattern = NULL, overwrite = FALSE) {
    umx_check(!is.na(replaceStr), "stop", "Please set a replaceStr to the replacement string you desire.")

    # ==============================
    # = 1. Set folder to search in =
    # ==============================
    if(baseFolder == "Finder"){
        baseFolder = system(intern = TRUE, "osascript -e  tell application "Finder" to get the POSIX path of (target of front window as alias) ")
        message("Using front-most Finder window:", baseFolder)
    } else if(baseFolder == "") {
        baseFolder = paste(dirname(file.choose(new = FALSE)), "/", sep = "") ## choose a directory
        message("Using selected folder:", baseFolder)
    }

    # =================================================
    # = 2. Find files matching listPattern or findStr =
    # =================================================
    a = list.files(baseFolder, pattern = listPattern)
    message("found ", length(a), " possible files")

    changed = 0
    for (fn in a) {
        if(grepl(pattern = findStr, fn, perl= TRUE)){
            if(ignoreSuffix){
                # pull suffix and baseName (without suffix)
                baseName = sub(pattern = "(.*)(\..*)$", x = fn, replacement = "\1")
                suffix   = sub(pattern = "(.*)(\..*)$", x = fn, replacement = "\2")
                fnew = gsub(findStr, replacement = replaceStr, x = baseName, perl= TRUE) # replace all instances
                fnew = paste0(fnew, suffix)
            } else {
                fnew = gsub(findStr, replacement = replaceStr, x = fn, perl= TRUE) # replace all instances
            }
            if(test){
                message(fn, " would be changed to:  ", omxQuotes(fnew))
            } else {
                if((!overwrite) & file.exists(paste(baseFolder, fnew, sep = ""))){
                    message("renaming ", fn, "to", fnew, "failed as already exists. To overwrite set T")
                } else {
                    file.rename(paste0(baseFolder, fn), paste0(baseFolder, fnew))
                    changed = changed + 1;
                }
            }
        }else{
            if(test){
                # message(paste("bad file",fn))
            }
        }
    }
    if(test & changed==0){
        message("set test = FALSE to actually change files.")
    } else {
        umx_msg(changed)
    }
}

下面是我用简单的基本代码 在一个指定的目录中 进行序列匹配和更改所有文件名的工作

old_files <- list.files(path = ".", pattern="water_*.img$")

# Create df for new files
new_files <- data.frame()

for(i in 1:length(old_files)){
new_files <- append(paste0(path = ".", substr(old_files[i], 1,6),"water_",i,".img"), new_files)
}

new_files <- as.character(new_files)

# Copy from old files to new files

file.rename(from = old_files), to = as.vector(new_files)